Alloy 020 is an austenitic nickel-iron-chromium alloy with additions of copper and molybdenum.

The nickel content makes Alloy 020 resistant to chloride-ion stress-corrosion cracking.  Copper and molybdenum give resistance to reducing environments.  The molybdenum content also provides good resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion.  The chromium gives resistance to oxidizing environments such as nitric acid.  The addition of niobium reduces the effect of carbide precipitation during welding, thus increasing the alloy's resistance to intergranular corrosion.

Alloy 020 has exceptional corrosion resistance in sulfuric acid environments, and is used in a range of applications involving this acid.  Other uses include the production of gasoline, solvents, explosives, inorganic and organic chemicals, pharmaceuticals, food and synthetic materials.  For these and other applications, INCO alloy 020 is readily fabricated to produce mixing tanks, heat exchangers, process piping, pickling equipment, pumps, valves, fasteners and fittings.

Nickel	Copper	Iron	Manganese	Carbon	Silicon	Sulfur	Chromium	Molybdenum	Phosphorus	Niobium+Tantalum
32.00-38.00	3.00-4.00	Bal.	2.00max	0.07max	1.00max	0.035max	19.00-21.00	2.00-3.00	0.045max	8xC-1.00

Incoloy alloy 800 is a widely used material of construction for equipment that must have high strength and resist oxidation, carburization, and other harmful effects of high-temperature exposure. (For high temperature applications requiring optimum creep and rupture properties, Incoloy alloys 800H and 800HT are used).

The chromium in the alloy imparts resistance to oxidation and corrosion.  The high percentage of nickel maintains an austenitic structure so that the alloy is ductile.  the nickel content also contributes resistance to scaling, general corrosion, and stress-corrosion cracking.  The iron content provides resistance to internal oxidation.

Incoloy alloy 800 is used in a variety of applications involving exposure to corrosive environments and high temperatures.  It is used for heat-treating equipment such as baskets, trays and fixtures.  In chemical and petrochemical processing the alloy is used for heat exchangers and other piping systems in nitric acid media especially where resistance to chloride stress-corrosion cracking is required.  In nuclear power plants, it is used for steam-generator tubing.  The alloy is often used in domestic appliances for sheathing of electric heating elements.  In the production of paper pulp, digester liquid heaters are often made of alloy 800.  In petroleum processing , the alloy is used for heat exchangers that air-cool the process stream.

Nickel	Copper	Iron	Manganese	Carbon	Silicon	Sulfur	Aluminum	Titanium	Chromium
30.0-35.0	0.75max	39.50min	1.50max	0.10max	1.00max	0.015max	0.15-0.60	0.15-0.60	19.0-23.0

INCO alloy C-276 is know for its outstanding corrosion resistance in a wide range of severe media.  The high nickel and molybdenum contents provide good corrosion resistance in reducing environments while chromium imparts resistance to oxidizing media.  The molybdenum also aids resistance to localized corrosion such as pitting.  The low carbon content minimizes carbide precipitation during welding to maintain resistance to corrosion (intergranular attack) in heat-affected zones of welded joints.

INCO alloy C-276 is widely used in the severest environments encountered in chemical processing, pollution control, pulp and paper production, industrial and municipal waste treatment, and recovery of "sour" natural gas.  Applications in air-pollution include stack liners, ducts, dampers, scrubbers, stack-gas reheaters, fans and fan housings.  In chemical processing, the alloy is used for numerous components including heat exchangers, reaction vessels, evaporators, and transfer piping.  In sour gas wells (those containing hydrogen sulfide), INCO alloy C-276 delivers a high level of performance in various downhole and surface components including tubing, coupling, and subsurface safety valves.

Nickel	Iron	Manganese	Carbon	Silicon	Sulfur	Cobalt	Chromium	Molybdenum	Tungsten	Vanadium	Phosphorus
Bal.	4.00-7.00	1.00max	0.01max	0.08max	0.03max	2.50max	14.50-16.50	15.00-17.00	3.00-4.50	0.35max	0.04max

Nickel 200 is commercially pure (99.6%) wrought nickel.  It has good mechanical properties and excellent resistance to many corrosive environments.  Other useful features of the alloy are its magnetic and magnetostrictive properties, high thermal and electrical conductivities, low gas content and low vapor pressure.

The corrosion resistance of Nickel 200 makes it particularly useful for maintaining product purity in the handling of foods, synthetic fibers, and caustic alkalies; and also in structural applications where resistance to corrosion is a prime consideration.
Other applications include chemical shipping drums, electrical and electronic parts, aerospace and missile components and rocket motor cases.

Nickel	Copper	Iron	Manganese	Carbon	Silicon	Sulfur
99.0min	0.25max	0.40max	0.35max	0.15max	0.35max	0.010max

Inconel nickel-chromium-iron alloy 600 is a standard engineering material for applications which require resistance to corrosion and heat.  The alloy also has excellent mechanical properties and presents the desirable combination of high strength and good workability.

The high nickel content gives the alloy resistance to corrosion by many organic and inorganic compounds and also makes it virtually immune to chloride-ion stress-corrosion cracking.  Chromium confers resistance to sulfur compounds and also provides resistance to oxidizing conditions at high temperatures or in corrosive solutions.  The alloy is not precipitation hardenable; it is hardened and strengthened only by cold work.

The versatility of Inconel alloy 600 has led to its use in a variety of applications involving temperatures from cryogenic to above 2000°F.
The alloy is used extensively in the chemical industry for its strength and corrosion resistance.  Applications include heaters, stills, bubble towers, and condensers for processing of fatting acids; evaporator tubes, tube sheets, and flaking trays for the manufacture of sodium sulfide; and equipment for handling abietic acid in the manufacture of paper pulp.

The alloy's strength and oxidation resistance at high temperatures make it useful for many applications in the heat treating industry.  It is used for retorts, muffles, roller hearths, and other furnace components and for heat treating baskets and trays.

In the aeronautical field, alloy 600 is used for a variety of engine and airframe components, which must withstand high temperatures. Examples are lock wire, exhaust liners, and turbine seals.

The alloy is a standard material of construction for nuclear reactors.  It has excellent resistance to corrosion by high purity water, and no indication of chloride-ion stress-corrosion cracking in reactor water systems has been detected.  For nuclear applications, the alloy is produced to exacting specifications and is designated Inconel alloy 600T.

Nickel	Copper	Iron	Manganese	Carbon	Silicon	Sulfur	Chromium
72.0min	0.50max	6.00-10.00	1.00max	0.15max	0.50max	0.015max	14.0-17.0

Incoloy alloys 800H and 800HT have significantly higher creep and rupture strength than Incoloy 800.  The three alloys have nearly identical chemical composition limits.  However, the chemical composition limits vary with carbon, aluminum and titanium.  The carbon content of Incoloy alloy 800 (UNS n08800) is 0.10% max with no limit on the lower end.  The carbon content for Incoloy alloy 800H (UNS N08810) is 0.05% to 0.10% which is the upper end of the 0.10% maximum specified for Incoloy alloy 800.  The chemical limits for Incoloy 800HT (UNS08811) are even more restrictive yet still within the limits specified for Incoloy 800H.

The carbon content for Incoloy alloy 800HT is further restricted to 0.06%-0.10%.  Additionally the Al plus Ti content of Incoloy alloy 800HT is restricted to 0.85%-1.20%.  Note that the chemical composition for Incoloy alloy 800HT will always be within the limits of Incoloy alloy 800H.  Note also that the limits for Incoloy alloy 800H may or may not be within the limits of Incoloy alloy 800HT. 

In addition to the controlled carbon content, Incoloy alloys 800H and 800HT receive a high temperature annealing treatment that produces an average grain size of ASTM 5 or coarser.  The annealing treatment and restricted chemical composition are responsible for these alloys having greater creep and rupture strength. 

The mechanical properties of Incoloy alloys 800H and 800HT, combined with their resistance to high temperature corrosion, make these alloys exceptionally useful for many applications involving long-term exposure to elevated temperatures and corrosive atmospheres.  In the hydrocarbon processing industry, these alloys are used in steam/hydrocarbon reforming for catalyst tubing convection tubing, pigtails, outlet manifolds, and quenching-system piping; in ethylene production for both convection and cracking tubes, and pigtails; in oxy-alcohol production for tubing in hydrogenation heaters; in hydrodealkylation units for heater tubing; and i the production of vinyl chloride monomer for cracking tubes, return bends and inlet and outlet flanges.

Industrial heating is another area of wide usage for both Incoloy 800H and 800HT.  In various types of heat treating furnaces, these alloys are used for radiant tubes, muffles, retorts, and assorted furnace fixtures.

Alloys 800H and 800HT are also used in power generation for steam superheating tubing and high temperature heat exchangers in gas cooled nuclear reactors.

Nickel	Copper	Iron	Manganese	Carbon	Silicon	Sulfur	Aluminum	Titanium	Chromium
30.0-35.0	0.75max	39.50min	1.50max	0.05-0.10	1.00max	0.015max	0.15-0.60	0.15-0.60	19.0-23.0
30.0-35.0	075max	39.5min	1.50max	0.06-0.10	1.00max	0.015max	0.85-1.20	0.25-0.60	19.0-23.0

Inconel 601 is a general purpose engineering material for applications that require resistance to heat and corrosion.  The outstanding characteristic of Inconel alloy 601 is its resistance to high temperature oxidation.  The alloy also has good resistance to aqueous corrosion, has high mechanical strength, and is readily formed, machined and welded.

The composition is a face-centered-cubic solid solution with a high degree of metallurgical stability.  The alloy's nickel base, in conjunction with a substantial chromium content, provides resistance to many corrosive media and high temperature environments.  Oxidation resistance is further enhanced by the aluminum content.

The properties of Inconel 601 make it a material of broad utility in such fields as thermal processing, chemical processing, pollution control, aerospace, and power generation.

In industrial furnaces, the alloy is used for radiant tubes, muffles, retorts, flame shields, strand-annealing tubes, woven-wire conveyor belts, chain curtains, burner nozzles, and electrical resistance heating elements.

Chemical processing applications for alloy 601 include process heaters, condenser tubes in sour water strippers and insulating cans in ammonia reformers,  The alloy is also used for combustor components and catalyst grid supports in equipment for nitric acid production.

In petrochemical processing, the alloy is used for catalyst regenerators and air preheaters in the manufacture of high-density polyethylene.
In power-generation, alloy 601 is used for super heater tube supports, grid barriers, and ash-handling systems

Nickel	Copper	Iron	Manganese	Carbon	Silicon	Sulfur	Aluminum	Chromium
58.0-63.0	1.00max	Bal.	1.00max	0.10max	0.50max	0.015max	1.00-1.70	21.0-25.0

Incoloy alloy 800 is a widely used material of construction for equipment that must have high strength and resist oxidation, carburization, and other harmful effects of high-temperature exposure. (For high temperature applications requiring optimum creep and rupture properties, Incoloy alloys 800H and 800HT are used).

The chromium in the alloy imparts resistance to oxidation and corrosion.  The high percentage of nickel maintains an austenitic structure so that the alloy is ductile.  the nickel content also contributes resistance to scaling, general corrosion, and stress-corrosion cracking.  The iron content provides resistance to internal oxidation.

Incoloy alloy 800 is used in a variety of applications involving exposure to corrosive environments and high temperatures.  It is used for heat-treating equipment such as baskets, trays and fixtures.  In chemical and petrochemical processing the alloy is used for heat exchangers and other piping systems in nitric acid media especially where resistance to chloride stress-corrosion cracking is required.  In nuclear power plants, it is used for steam-generator tubing.  The alloy is often used in domestic appliances for sheathing of electric heating elements.  In the production of paper pulp, digester liquid heaters are often made of alloy 800.  In petroleum processing , the alloy is used for heat exchangers that air-cool the process stream.

Nickel	Copper	Iron	Manganese	Carbon	Silicon	Sulfur	Aluminum	Titanium	Chromium
30.0-35.0	0.75max	39.50min	1.50max	0.10max	1.00max	0.015max	0.15-0.60	0.15-0.60	19.0-23.0

Monel nickel-copper alloy 400 is a solid solution alloy that may be hardened only by cold working.  It has high strength and toughness over a wide temperature range and excellent resistance to many corrosive environments.

Alloy 400 is widely used in many fields, especially marine and chemical processing.   Typical applications are valves and pumps; pump and propeller shafts; marine fixtures and fasteners; electrical and electronic components; springs; chemical processing equipment; gasoline and fresh water tanks; crude petroleum stills, process vessels and piping; boiler feed water heaters and other heat exchangers; and deaerating heaters.

Nickel	Copper	Iron	Manganese	Carbon	Silicon	Sulfur
63.0min	28.0-34.0	2.50max	2.00max	0.30max	0.50max	0.024max

Inconel nickel-chromium-iron alloy 600 is a standard engineering material for applications which require resistance to corrosion and heat.  The alloy also has excellent mechanical properties and presents the desirable combination of high strength and good workability.

The high nickel content gives the alloy resistance to corrosion by many organic and inorganic compounds and also makes it virtually immune to chloride-ion stress-corrosion cracking.  Chromium confers resistance to sulfur compounds and also provides resistance to oxidizing conditions at high temperatures or in corrosive solutions.  The alloy is not precipitation hardenable; it is hardened and strengthened only by cold work.

The versatility of Inconel alloy 600 has led to its use in a variety of applications involving temperatures from cryogenic to above 2000°F.
The alloy is used extensively in the chemical industry for its strength and corrosion resistance.

Applications include heaters, stills, bubble towers, and condensers for processing of fatting acids; evaporator tubes, tube sheets, and flaking trays for the manufacture of sodium sulfide; and equipment for handling abietic acid in the manufacture of paper pulp.

The alloy's strength and oxidation resistance at high temperatures make it useful for many applications in the heat treating industry.  It is used for retorts, muffles, roller hearths, and other furnace components and for heat treating baskets and trays.
In the aeronautical field, alloy 600 is used for a variety of engine and airframe components, which must withstand high temperatures. Examples are lock wire, exhaust liners, and turbine seals.

The alloy is a standard material of construction for nuclear reactors.  It has excellent resistance to corrosion by high purity water, and no indication of chloride-ion stress-corrosion cracking in reactor water systems has been detected.  For nuclear applications, the alloy is produced to exacting specifications and is designated Inconel alloy 600T.

Nickel	Copper	Iron	Manganese	Carbon	Silicon	Sulfur	Chromium
72.0min	0.50max	6.00-10.00	1.00max	0.15max	0.50max	0.015max	14.0-17.0

Inconel nickel chromium alloy 625 is used for its high strength, excellent fabricability (including joining), and outstanding corrosion resistance.  Service temperatures range from cryogenic to 1800°F.

Strength of Inconel alloy 625 is derived from the stiffening effect of molybdenum and columbium on its nickel-chromium matrix; thus precipitation-hardening treatments are not required.  This combination of elements also is responsible for superior resistance to a wide range of corrosive environments of unusual severity as well as to high-temperature effects such as oxidation and carburization.

The outstanding and versatile corrosion resistance of Inconel alloy 625 under a wide range of temperatures and pressures is a primary reason for its wide acceptance in the chemical processing field.  Because of its ease of fabrication, it is made into a variety of components for plant equipment. 

Its high strength enables it be used, for example, in thinner-walled vessels or tubing than possible with other materials, thus improving heat transfer and saving weight.  Some applications requiring the combination of strength and corrosion resistance offered by Inconel alloy 625 are bubble caps, tubing, reaction vessels, distillation columns, heat exchangers, transfer piping and valves.

Nickel	Iron	Manganese	Carbon	Silicon	Sulfur	Cobalt	Aluminum	Titanium	Chromium	Molybdenum	Phosphorus
58.0min	5.00max	0.50max	0.10max	0.50max	0.015max	1.00max	0.40max	0.40max	20.00-23.00	8.00-10.00	0.015max

Incoloy alloy 825 is a nickel-iron-chromium alloy with additions of molybdenum, copper and titanium.  The alloy's chemical composition is designed to provide exceptional resistance to many corrosive environments.  The nickel content is sufficient for resistance to chloride-ion stress corrosion cracking.  The nickel, in conjunction with the molybdenum and copper, also gives outstanding resistance to reducing environments such as those containing sulfuric and phosphoric acids.  the molybdenum also aids resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion.  The alloy's chromium content confers resistance to a variety of oxidizing substances such as nitric acid, nitrates, and oxidizing salts.  The titanium addition serves, with an appropriate heat treatment, to stabilize the alloy against sensitization to intergranular corrosion.

The resistance of Incoloy 825 to general and localized corrosion under diverse conditions gives the alloy broad usefulness.  Applications include chemical processing, pollution control, oil and gas recovery, acid production, pickling operations, nuclear fuel reprocessing and handling of radioactive wastes.

Nickel	Copper	Iron	Manganese	Carbon	Silicon	Sulfur	Aluminum	Titanium	Chromium	Molybdenum
38.0-46.0	1.50-3.00	22.00min	1.00max	0.05max	0.50max	0.03max	0.20max	0.60-1.20	19.50-23.50	2.50-3.50

Duplex 2205 stainless steel is resistant to chlorides and H2S.  Is a problem solver in most industry segments. Utilized in heat exchangers and piping in oil and gas, oil refinery, chemical and petrochemical industry.